Oxygen sensing in the carotid body.

Cooperative Oxygen Sensing by the Kidney and Carotid Body in Blood Pressure Control

Oxygen sensing mechanisms are vital for homeostasis and survival. When oxygen levels are too low (hypoxia), blood flow has to be increased, metabolism reduced, or a combination of both, to counteract tissue damage. These adjustments are regulated by local, humoral, or neural reflex mechanisms. The kidney and the carotid body are both directly sensitive to falls in the partial pressure of oxygen...

Spermine attenuates carotid body glomus cell oxygen sensing by inhibiting L-type Ca²(+) channels.

An increase in intracellular Ca²(+) is crucial to O₂ sensing by the carotid body. Polyamines have been reported to modulate both the extracellular Ca²(+)-sensing receptor (CaR) and voltage-gated Ca²(+) channels in a number of cell types. Using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, the predominant voltage-gated Ca²(+) channels expressed in the adult rat carotid body were L (Ca(V)1.2) and N (Ca(V)2.2)...

Historical Perspective HIGHLIGHTED TOPIC Oxygen Sensing in Health and Disease Oxygen sensing: applications in humans

Cherniack, Neil S. Oxygen sensing: applications in humans. J Appl Physiol 96: 352–358, 2004; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00755.2003.—Our concepts of oxygen sensing have been transformed over the years. We now appreciate that oxygen sensing is not a unique property limited to “chemoreceptors” but is a common property of tissues and that responses to changes in oxygen levels are not static but can chang...

Rounding up the usual suspects in O2 sensing: CO, NO, and H2S!

Oxygen sensing by the carotid body is essential in vertebrates to adapt to reduced arterial oxygen tension. In this issue of Science Signaling, Yuan et al. report an intricate signaling system to transduce a physical parameter--oxygen tension--into a biological cellular signal (neural discharge) through changes in the production of carbon monoxide (CO), the second messenger cyclic guanosine mon...

H2S, a gasotransmitter for oxygen sensing in carotid body. Focus on "Endogenous H2S is required for hypoxic sensing by carotid body glomus cells".

Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chi...

Reduced to Oxidized Glutathione Ratios and Oxygen Sensing in Carotid Body Chemoreceptor Cells